ec2 user data script not running

The Amazon EC2 console can perform the base64-encoding for you or accept base64-encoded input. The commands to be included in the user-data will be shell commands, more specifically, bash. Copyright 2020 CloudKatha - All Rights Reserved, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), How to Execute EC2 User Data Script using CloudFormation. Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? If I add #cloud-boothook in the top of user-data file, it works! A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. . All rights reserved. This is how I got it to work: I moved to pulling it from a template instead since what you see is what you get. running, you can view the user data but you cannot modify it. Step 10. If you stop an instance and then start it later on and if we go to the browser and try again we cant able to see our webpage. EC2 User Data Script is not running the last bash command which starts a python file on startup. Now, we know the basics and we have the template so lets go and create the stack. The nature of simulating nature: A Q&A with IBM Quantum researcher Dr. Jamie We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup, Run a bash script after EC2 instance boots. ERROR: CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW WITH DATA cannot be executed from a function, Is there a solutiuon to add special characters from software and how to do it. I checked the system logs and saw my echoed string. @LechMigdal Yes I did, i don't really see any error, should I post the output here? How to Execute EC2 User Data Script using CloudFormation You can access the log files at the following locations: EC2Launch v2: C:\ProgramData\Amazon\EC2Launch\log\agent.log, EC2Launch: C:\ProgramData\Amazon\EC2-Windows\Launch\Log\UserdataExecution.log, EC2Config: C:\Program Files\Amazon\Ec2ConfigService\Logs\Ec2ConfigLog.txt. 1. It actually corresponds to the private IPv4 address. the Advanced details section of the launch instance The property UserData must be a base64-encoded text. use with Amazon Linux 2, and the commands and directives may not work for other Linux This worked for me on an Ubuntu, however I needed to run. file the script created. I start up a few long running processes with this script, and would like them to be non-privileged processes. If you preorder a special airline meal (e.g. As I tested, there were some bootstrap data in /var/lib/cloud directory. What is a word for the arcane equivalent of a monastery? This forum is for issues related to parallel processing and OpenSees using the new interpreters OpenSeesSP and OpenSeesMP. It will execute the script on the first launch of our EC2 instance and only on the first launch. If you click on it, copy, and then paste it, you press enter, its going to work. At least that's how it is in Linux, I guess on Windows it would be similar. volume. For a great introduction on shell scripting, see rev2023.3.3.43278. completed without errors, connect Then, the file runs the user script. I prefer YAML for writing my templates. User data is treated as opaque data: what you give is what you get back. I checked /var/lib/cloud/instance/user-data.txt, the file is exist and same as my user-data script. Check your system log and you should see that Echo in the Management console, Also add this https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/ec2-linux-log-user-data/. ncdu: What's going on with this second size column? This will act as key-value pair and if you wanted to add additional tags to tag your instance differently, then you could click on Add additional tags. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Dear reader, In this post, I will help you execute EC2 user data scripts using CloudFormation. To specify user data when you launch your instance, use the run-instances In the events tab of stack, you can view the status. base64 command to decode it. Not sure why you have it there. So the first rule we want to have is to allow SSH traffic from anywhere and to allow HTTP traffic from the internet. Why are non-Western countries siding with China in the UN? EC2 UserData script is not running on startup Ask Question Asked 1 year, 9 months ago Modified 7 months ago Viewed 2k times Part of AWS Collective 2 I am trying to automate EC2 instance creation. You can update your configuration to ensure that your user data scripts and cloud-init directives run every time you restart your instance. Server Fault is a question and answer site for system and network administrators. rm /var/lib/cloud/instance/sem/config_scripts_user. You can also configure your user data to re-run on every boot, instead of removing the state file. You can rent virtual machines on EC2, theyre called EC2 instances. Required fields are marked *. The cloud-init package configures specific aspects of a new Amazon Linux instance when it is examine the cloud-init output log file (/var/log/cloud-init-output.log), I was having a lot of trouble with this. 4. Running Docker on AWS EC2. A place where magic is studied and practiced? Connecting an AWS EC2 Instance of a Private Subnet using Bastion Host, Allocate Elastic IP-Address to EC2 Instance in AWS. Therefore, always remeber to base64-encode your user data script while specifying your user data. adds to the amount of time it takes to boot the instance. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. You need to allow port 80 (HTTP) and port 443 (HTTPS) in outbound SG rules - destination 0.0.0.0/0. sudo rm -rf /var/lib/cloud/* amazon ec2 - how to get status of a script running in EC2 and use that For more information, see I want to utilize user data to run a script every time my Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance is restarted. in the Amazon EC2 User Guide for Windows Instances. botocore.exceptions.ParamValidationError: Parameter validation failed: Hi, Hi@Lakshminarayanan, views aws devops-tools devops aws-ec2 aws-s3 aws-api scripts after the instance starts. Short story taking place on a toroidal planet or moon involving flying. Open the Amazon EC2 console at Does a barbarian benefit from the fast movement ability while wearing medium armor? I am trying to check everywhere, in the cloudlog init file to find some error why my user data is not working. view the log file, connect to the instance Notify me of follow-up comments by email. and look for error messages in the output. Launching webpage created via User Data Script. With the instance still selected, choose Actions, To view, see. Your email address will not be published. How to get an AWS EC2 instance ID from within that EC2 instance? The following are common issues that occur when utilizing Windows EC2 instance user data: You modified or configured user data, but it doesn't run on instance launch. I started a new Amazon Linux AMI and used your User Data, plus a bit extra: User Data scripts are executed as root, so it should have permission to create files in any location. I will appreciate if someone can put some lights on why it is unable to execute the user-data. Why don't you echo out some progress information in your userdata script, step by step, and then check the console output afterwards? install libssl-devel-0.9.8d-alt4.x86_64 in linux, Error installing dotnet "Requires openssl-libs", Getting broken package while installing MySQL 5.7 on AWS EC2 user (Amazon Linux). The type of network card do you want to attach to your EC2 instance, the speed of the card, and what kind of public IP do you want? So how much CPU? sudo command in the script. The ec2-user is added to the apache group. To In the example script below, the script creates and configures our web server. Steps to create EC2 User data Specify user data while launching EC2 Instance Allow traffic on port 80 and 443 on Security Group Verify User data Execution/Apache Installation Let's do all these steps one by one. so User data will be executed If your AMI is a snapshot of the machine ( lift and Shifted from. Stop your instance. Choose Actions, Instance Settings, Edit User Data. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Then you > should type "pip install StarCluster". Replace it with an 'echo start'. Your email address will not be published. Follow Up: struct sockaddr storage initialization by network format-string. >> /tmp/testfile.txt. I'm glad this was encouraged on serverfault. I notice that in your supplied code, one example refers to /home/ec2-user/user-script/output.txt (with a subdirectory) and one example refers to /home/ec2-user/user-script-output.txt (no subdirectory). 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Not the answer you're looking for? Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Have you checked your SGs and NACL configurations? user_data = "$ {file ("ec2-user-data.sh")}" the file (path) functions read the user-data script file given in the path and return as a string. Launch the EC2 Instance in AWS with New Instance Wizard, Create a Windows EC2 Instance and Connect Using RDP, Amazon Web Services - Denying Access using IAM policy for EC2 and EBS Instance, Amazon Web Services - Replacing Unhealthy EC2 Instance in Elastic Beanstalk Environment, Amazon VPC - Launching an EC2 Instance into a VPC. How to make EC2 user data script run again on startup? Your instance is launched with an Amazon Linux 2 AMI. In this article, we are going to have a T2 micro selected. The longer you leave it running, the more youre going to pay. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, Assuming, you are using Amazon Linux 2, did you check information in /var/log/cloud-init-output.log (. Unleash the Power of AWS EC2: The Future of Scalable and Flexible Makes sure that your instance is sitting in a public subnet (with route to IGW) and it has public/Elastic IPv4 attached to it. On Windows, you can use the AWS Tools for Windows PowerShell instead of using the AWS CLI. It can take 6. You log clearly says that you don't have npm and node installed so you need to pass installation instruction to the script as well. Do new devs get fired if they can't solve a certain bug? acknowledge that you have read and understood our, Data Structure & Algorithm Classes (Live), Data Structure & Algorithm-Self Paced(C++/JAVA), Android App Development with Kotlin(Live), Full Stack Development with React & Node JS(Live), GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Build a Grocery Store Web App using PHP with MySQL. Not the answer you're looking for? When I connect manually and run the python file it starts the script which is great and all, but is there a way to make sure that the script starts when the instance is booted up? The typical answer is to use EC2 User Data, but this doesn't seem to work for me. For example, the following user data includes cloud-init directives and a bash shell script. Note: It's a best practice to create a snapshot of your instance before proceeding with the following resolution. 5. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud - Wikipedia Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. flag). Specify User Data while launching EC2 Instance Launch an EC2 instance with Linux 2 AMI. Adding these tasks at boot time communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Is a collection of years plural or singular? A limit involving the quotient of two sums, "We, who've been connected by blood to Prussia's throne and people since Dppel". For more information on mime multi-part files, see Mime Multi Part Archive on the cloud-init website. 169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id)/sem/, aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/, How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability. How can I utilize user data to automatically run a script with every restart of my Amazon EC2 Linux instance? To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. The cloud-init directives creates a file (/test-cloudinit/cloud-init.txt), I am trying to automate EC2 instance creation. Most of the entries in the NAME column of the output from lsof +D /tmp do not begin with /tmp. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. rev2023.3.3.43278. In the example below, the directives create and configure a web server on Amazon Linux 2. Be sure to use the file:// prefix to specify the file. The #cloud-boothook make it works because it changes the script from a user_data mechanism to a cloud-boothook one that runs on each start. (Optional) If your script did not accomplish the tasks you were expecting These data/command executes after your EC2 instance starts. I have noticed that UserData scripts are not being executed. Here only a single line bin/echo "Hello World" >> /tmp/userdata-test.txt to be executed, replace this with your shell script that needs to be executed every time a machine is booted. Next, we have to go into network settings. EC2 AMI version. Cam I instruct an AWS EC2 instance to run in "maintenance" mode with cloud-init (user data), Starting a long-running process in cloud-init on ec2 instance, how to disable executing user-data by cloud-init, Cloud-init is failing to execute awscli command in User Data, AWS Userdata script in Cloud Init not running, EC2 instance settings user data option not present, Redoing the align environment with a specific formatting. Especially if you are managing large scale enterprise accounts that have 100's of EC2 instances. Run a bash script after EC2 instance boots - Server Fault In this case, it will be an EC2 instance store ). It stands for Elastic Compute Cloud. Select the instance and choose Instance state , Stop instance. On a Linux computer , use the --query option to get the encoded user data and the I would be more than happy to reply to your comment. Be sure to use the Note: If Stop is not activated, either the instance is already stopped, or its root device is an instance store volume. For information about running commands on your Windows instance at launch, see Run commands on your Windows instance at launch following tasks are performed by the user data: The distribution software packages are updated. If you want some other version of node to be installed, then change the number for whatever supported version. User data formats - cloud-init 22.4.2 documentation is stored in another file. Using cloud-config syntax, the user can specify certain things in a human-friendly format. > > User data must be Base64-decoded when retrieved. Open the Amazon EC2 console, and then select your instance. If you need the instance to have a static public IPv4 address, consider using an. If you have Mac or Linux or Windows 10 then you can use the .pem format. Finally, well learn how to start, stop, and terminate our instance. We could proceed without a key pair, but for now, lets go ahead and create a new key pair. The size of a string of length n after base64-encoding is ceil ( n /3)*4. When you create an Amazon EC2 instance, you choose an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that contains an operating system and any additional software you need. First, enter a name tag for the instance. AWS support for Internet Explorer ends on 07/31/2022. I have a step function that kicks off a python script in EC2. Awesome content. To make it recognize as first boot, you need to clean the cache of cloud-init on the Instance you generate the custom AMI from and also make sure you enable NoReboot option because if a reboot happens then cache will be repopulated before creating the custom AMI, so your custom AMI would arrive with a cache already showing that this is not the first boot but a subsequent one. To troubleshoot issues on your EC2 instance bootstrap without having to access the instance through SSH, you can add code to your user-data bash script that redirects all the output both to the /var/log/user-data.log and to /dev/console.When the code is executed, you can see your user-data invocation logs in your console. For this example, in a web browser, enter the URL of the PHP test file the directives Also make sure that source/destination check is disabled on NAT instance if you are using it. Enter the stack name and click on Next. packages are installed. Is it suspicious or odd to stand by the gate of a GA airport watching the planes? It should work since when I ssh into the instance and do the following script from inside the instance it does the work, so I am assuming the configuration won't be the problem. Either it's because User Data is only for running commands on newly created instances (such as bootstrapping instances for scaling), or because the documentation is out of date. /var/log/cloud-init-output.log. I'll provide detailed walk-though. assign to the IAM role depend on which services you are calling with the API. http://cloudinit.readthedocs.org/en/latest/index.html, Combine shell scripts and cloud-init directives, Deploying applications The #cloud-boothook solution is not working for me. then check to see that your script has completed the tasks that you intended. You can modify the user data of a stopped instance using the modify-instance-attribute Is there a proper earth ground point in this switch box? User data is a feature that allows customization of Amazon EC2 (virtual machine) when it is created and (if desired) also with each restart after they are provisioned. If you stop an instance and then modify its user data, the updated user data isn't run when you start the instance. If you retrieve the data using instance metadata or the Amazon EC2 console, then it's automatically decoded for you. You can find this in the EC2 documentation under Run commands at launch. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. It is to automate boot tasks such as. There is an official documentation page now.. After all the attempts this finally worked for me.. Theres an instance ID which is just a unique identifier for our instance. For our example, in a web browser, enter the URL of the PHP test Step 8. When you launch an instance in Amazon EC2, you have the option of passing user data to the instance that can be used to perform common automated configuration tasks and even run scripts after the instance starts. I love New Pluralsight course on AWS Systems 5 years ago AWS Simple Systems Manager for EC2: Getting Started I am happy to PowerShell DSC to manage PowerShell For this, well be launching our EC2 instance which is, well, a virtual server and well use the console for this then we will launch a web server directly on the EC2 instance using a piece of code as user data script and we will pass to the EC2 instance. For more Why are Suriname, Belize, and Guinea-Bissau classified as "Small Island Developing States"? Ec2HandleUserDataCreates and runs scripts created by the user on the first launch of an instance after Sysprep is run. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web service that allows you to rent virtual servers, also known as instances, on which you can run your applications. User data formats# User data that will be acted upon by cloud-init must be in one of the following types. The following is example output with the user data base64 encoded. Start your EC2 instance again, and validate that your script runs correctly. >> /tmp/testfile.txt with the shell script that you want to run during the instance boot. has finished successfully. I have also faced the same issue on Ubuntu 16.04 hvm AMI. My added wrinkle is that I'm using terraform to instantiate the hosts via a launch configuration and autoscaling group. If the instance is Log your EC2 Linux user data and then ship it to the console logs It should end with something like modules:final to make your user-data run. What is the purpose of this D-shaped ring at the base of the tongue on my hiking boots? The difference between the phonemes /p/ and /b/ in Japanese. Some are able to get it to work without it, not sure why. Running Docker on AWS EC2 - Medium You can't configure user data. Windows EC2 PowerShell user data script to create a local RDP Change parameters like ImageId, InstanceType and KeyName with your own AMI Id, instance type and name of keypair respectivey. You can pass two types of user data to Amazon EC2: shell scripts and cloud-init directives. How to run user data in windows instance using boto3 Not sure which, but I was having no luck getting anything to work. Bootstrapping means launching commands when the machine starts. distributions. Staging Ground Beta 1 Recap, and Reviewers needed for Beta 2, Create an AMI with EC2 Launch V2 and make userdata run again after reboot. 2. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Click here to return to Amazon Web Services homepage, back up any data on the instance store volumes, Determine the root device type of your AMI, Stopping and starting the instance erases any data on, If your EC2 instance has an auto-assigned public IPv4 address, then stopping and starting the instance causes the IPv4 address to change. Operating Systems that can we choose for our EC2 instances are Linux, Windows, or Mac OS. Which means user-data / cloud-init script won't do what you want anyway. Why do small African island nations perform better than African continental nations, considering democracy and human development? If you finally want to get rid of this instance we can do an instance state and then terminate the instance. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Unfortunately I cannot share the script due to confidentiality so if any has any tips on what could possible be wrong I'd love to hear from you. information about the configuration tasks that the cloud-init package performs for The first security group created will be called launch-wizard-1 which is created by the console directly and we can define multiple rules here. This URL is the public DNS address of your instance Does a barbarian benefit from the fast movement ability while wearing medium armor? If these things still ain't working, you can test it further by forcing user-data to run manually. You want to create a filelog.txtin dev folder as soon as your instance starts. On a Windows computer, use the --query option to get the coded user data and the certutil command to When you create a key pair it will be downloaded automatically to your pc. your user data, and then check to see that your directives have completed to that file. At a minimum, you should connect to the instance immediately after launch and change the password interactively. I start an instance from a custom AMI, and specify a UserData script during launch configuration. And then we have to select key pair formats. To delete the existing user data, use the modify-instance-attribute Otherwise it may run in AMAZON Linux AMI , but itll not run in RHEL. 3. Supported browsers are Chrome, Firefox, Edge, and Safari. Example userdata file would be like: This will make userdata script to execute on last step of every boot process. It supports only the user_data key. Run user data after the initial launch of your EC2 instance Next, we need to choose an instance type. It seems that different users have different experiences. However, in some cases, it may be necessary to run these scripts as a non-root user, for security or other reasons. Thanks for letting us know we're doing a good job! I want to get an output (success or failure) back from EC2 and based on the result start an appropriate step function. This is the way to do Infrastructure as a Service on AWS. By default, it is enabled to yes, which means that once we terminate our EC2 instance, then this volume is also going to be deleted. AWS EC2 userdata on Windows | Cloud for the win! User-Data used in this post. Well, there is a small catch, which if not known can be a time waster for you. Modify the user data as needed, and then choose Save. Do roots of these polynomials approach the negative of the Euler-Mascheroni constant? Error using SSH into Amazon EC2 Instance (AWS). For security reasons, create an IAM policy to restrict the users who are allowed to add or remove user data through the ModifyInstanceAttribute API. Then I found this article about user data formatting user That makes sense, if user-data can come in multiple parts, maybe cloud-init needs cloud-init commands in one place and the script in the other. The command would understandably fail if you attempt to create a file in a non-existent directory, but your "Update" example seems to show that it did actually work. Run EC2 user-data script as non-root user Ask Question Asked 10 years, 9 months ago Modified 3 years, 9 months ago Viewed 12k times 8 I'm able to run a user-data script successfully, but it runs as root. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. The below script worked perfectly for me after the ubuntu ec2 instance was launched. We can see our EC2 instance is running but if we dont need it, we can go to the instance state and then click on stop instance. Also, the limit on user data size is 16 KB. For more information about You can specify instance user data when you launch the instance. Then while creating Image, set it to no-reboot. Bootstrap script to configure the instance at first launch, which is called the EC2 User Data. Setting up a Node.js app on a Linux AMI on an AWS EC2 instance with Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. I am trying to launch an ec2 linux instance (linux 2 ami) and while doing that in the user data, I am trying to How to Pass the Query String Parameters to AWS Lambda Function or HTTP Endpoint? file for the ec2-user so you can log in with your own private key. Introduction to AWS Simple Storage Service (AWS S3), AWS DynamoDB - Insert Data Using AWS Lambda. How to Execute EC2 User Data Script using Terraform

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