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Lab Lesson 4 - Lab Lesson 4: Earthquakes and Seismology, 0000002383 00000 n
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Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. So the difference in the P- and S-wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. BDF
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Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Worksheet Answers aqmd. 0000055643 00000 n
It shows the time required for P 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. located 1,000 miles from the
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Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake | U.S. Geological Survey Use of the TeachEngineering digital library and this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. The period of a wave is the time between two adjacent wave peaks. S waves. We additionally manage to pay for . In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes ActivityWorksheet Example Answers 4 now big earthquakes are measured using the moment magnitude scale; both scales essentially rank the power (energy release) of the earthquake. Epicenter Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake 5. Focus. Material is sheared side to side, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. %PDF-1.5
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Use the graph to answer the questions that follow. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us
[email protected] check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. S-P interval: The time interval between the arrivals of P and S waves. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. Get the inside scoop on all things TeachEngineering such as new site features, curriculum updates, video releases, and more by signing up for our newsletter! Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. Some places are more prone to earthquakes than others. Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. Even though the scale formulae are different, MMS retains the familiar continuum of magnitude values defined by the older scale. and S waves depends on the distance from the epicenter of the answer the following question. 1,000 miles from the epicenter of an earthquake? 0000030968 00000 n
A single recording station can only calculate distance, but not direction; to cover all possibilities, a complete circle is drawn around that station. 0000030240 00000 n
Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. trailer
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Thus, the Richter scale is used for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less), while the moment magnitude scale is used for measuring stronger earthquakes (3.5 M or higher). Do you agree with this alignment? triangulation: A method to determine exactly where an earthquake originates. Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. I also will take them through the general process of how find the difference in arrival times of p- and s-waves can be used to find a distance to an earthquake and how using data from 3 seismograph stations is used to locate the epicenter. 0000078169 00000 n
Explains how to find an earthquake epicenter using at least three seismograph stations. Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. seismogram. El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se di, Practica II - De Psicologian membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. 0000004769 00000 n
As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. (Source: USGS). Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. 12), Seek, evaluate, and use a variety of specialized resources available from libraries, the Internet, and the community to find scientific information on Earth's history
Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. Students also investigate which structural designs are most likely to survive an earthquake. n{6c&6NK*U;=9i%nF determine the epicenter using the S P (S minus P) method. hbbd``b`$C`q9 X_$_g`bdxc`X The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video shake, shake, shake. It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. follow our easy steps to get your lab activity locating epicenters answer key well prepared rapidly choose the template in the library enter all necessary information in the required llable areas the epicenter of an earthquake, how 1. How is the magnitude of an earthquake determined? Sign, fax and printable from PC, iPad, tablet or mobile with pdfFiller Note-taking Worksheet. Assess their understanding based on the thoroughness of their answers. Finding the Epicenter. Thanks for your feedback! An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter.
Locating Earthquake Epicenter Worksheet Answer Key 6.17: Locating Earthquake Epicenters - K12 LibreTexts Add to Library. Success is figuring out that the epicenter is just off the coast of Chile, where the three circles intersect. In this investigation, participants will understand that S and P waves are used to find the epicenter of an earthquake by using seismograph data to triangulate an epicenter. [*aiLG?+J\QI86~}ooRrr!pm}dk@dBbZPMZlC4C\9^
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If your seismograph station is Run through the investigation yourself and record the data, just to see how long it takes. Use this information to complete the following. As you may know, people have look numerous times for . Great exercise for Regents Earth Science. Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. 3000 miles. A circle with a radius of the distance to the quake can be drawn.
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important in helping seismologists determine the epicenter of the earthquake. Many updates and improvements!
Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake your answers below. 0000002009 00000 n
Earthquakes occur along faults, which are cracks in the Earths crust that build tension. 6. 0000001893 00000 n
To accurately locate an earthquake epicenter, records from three. Section A - Operator Information 1. Adjust the timing to the class period, remembering that you will need time to introduce the investigation, clean up afterwards, and re-set up for the next class (if you are working with more than one class). Seismic Waves. What types of engineers might use this data the most? 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. The process is called triangulation. This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. Three seismographs are needed. Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Lecture 3 Damage from the earthquake was widespread, but the actual location of the earthquake (the epicenter) 0000033429 00000 n
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USGS Earthquake Hazards Program What about P waves? The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake.
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earthquake - shaking and vibration of Earth's surface. (5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. PDF. Expert Answer. Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. For example, Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. (Grades 9 - 12). Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey 0000004060 00000 n
Students learn about the types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and how they move through the Earth. This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. 2. question 1 of 3. If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.".
Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. 9 -
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Privacy Policy, Seismograms from seismic stations in Fresno, CA, Phoenix, AZ, and Las Vegas, NV, A modified travel time curve for S-P wave, A Modified Travel Time Curve for S-P Wave. Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). m>r/Q[6 The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . Every year, earthquakes cause death and destruction worldwide. Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. Review their answers to assess their base knowledge of the subject matter. Add to FlexBook Textbook. 4. activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter The Science of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one . 87 0 obj
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As you read and complete the activity, take notes so you can complete the. 0000008845 00000 n
Locating an Epicenter through Triangulation of Seismic Data- Remote/Hybrid/Live. Swaves arrive at the seismic station after the Pwaves. Figure 8. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. What are those limits? If you can't find an answer to your question, please contact us. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. 100 km 4.1 km/s 24.4 s; Finding the epicenter (continued) data table analyze and conclude answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. (Listen to student ideas.) First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. within type by subtype, then by grade, etc. 13. Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. Now on the main page of the Earthquakes Living Lab website (see Figure 2), note the featuring of four active seismic areas and the mapping of real-time and current data from earthquakes happening around the world.
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