hispanic methods of treatment

5Larry D. Purnell and Betty J. Paulanka, "Mexican-Americans," chapter in Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach (Philadelphia: F.A. Objective Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among Hispanic women. Themes common to Latino participants were: "We are put off to one side"; "If I can't work, I can't survive"; and "Without documents, you are no one." You call the dietitian to alert him to this patient's cultural concerns. The largest and fastest growing minority population in the United States today is commonly referred to as "Hispanic" or "Latino." al., "Racial and Ethnic Disparities in U.S. Health Care: A Chartbook" (The Commonwealth Fund, March 2008), Charts 6-25 and 6-26; and Joseph R. Betancourt, Alexander R. Green, and J. Emilio Carrillo, "The Challenges of Cross-Cultural Healthcare-Diversity, Ethics, and the Medical Encounter," Bioethics Forum 16 (3). Our Health. As Hispanics continue their ascent as the largest and fastest growing minority group in the U.S., tension points between the healthcare and the Hispanic communities are growing as well, fueled by the lack of outreach from the former to the latter. Latinos have disproportionately higher rates of obesity and diabetes mellitus. Because many health beliefs and behaviors are culturally-based, it follows that when two different cultures come together in a health care setting, a collision of expectations often occurs. A child's failure to thrive may be attributed to mal de ojo (evil eye), a hex conveyed by an envious glance. Alonso, M., Val, E., & Rapaport, M. M. An open-label study of SSRI treatment in depressed Hispanic and non-Hispanic women. In the LEARN model, which is illustrated in the Case Study below,28,29 the physician should first sympathetically listen to the patient's perception of the problem, explain his or her perception of the problem to the patient, acknowledge and discuss any differences and similarities between the two views, recommend a treatment plan, and negotiate agreement.30 Use of the LEARN technique identifies and helps resolve any cultural differences that may arise. 4 Another. She agrees to start taking medications, but does not refill her prescriptions or lose weight. Among U.S. states, New Mexico has the highest percentage of Hispanic ancestry, at 47 percent (as of July 1, 2012). It is the primary method used in hospitals. For example . Latinos comprise nearly 16 percent of the U.S. population, and this proportion is anticipated to increase to 30 percent by 2050. First among these, of course, is a language barrier. She says that since her husband died, she has lost interest in what might happen to her in the future. Bilingual posters and medical literature are an important starting point. Delayed immigration protocols and anti-immigration legislation may contribute to stress. Treatment innovations are described that address the combination of intergenerational and cultural differences that occur among youths and their Hispanic parents. They Hear You is SAMHSA's underage drinking prevention campaign that helps parents and caregivers start talking to their children early about the dangers of alcohol. Racial/Ethnic and Sex Differences in Somatic Cancer Gene Mutations among Patients with Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer. Posttraumatic shock or anxiety may be attributed to susto (soul loss) rather than posttraumatic stress disorder. Get to know your fellow coach managers and direct reports. Information. These factors have not been studied in Hispanics/Latinos with chronic kidney disease (CKD). al., "Racial and Ethnic Disparities," Chart 5-2. Margaret E. "Group Methods and . Hayes-Bautista relayed that one important theme presented in the collaborative workshops is how . More than half of Hispanic young adults ages 18-25 with serious mental illness may not receive treatment. In some studies, the rate of non-adherence ranges between 31% and 44% among Latinos (Lanouette et al., 2009). Keeping these cautionary notes in mind, the cases and commentaries in this section seek to address numerous issues that arise in the course of providing clinical health care for Latino patients of various backgrounds. Related letter: Chagas Disease Is a Consideration in Latino Patients. The Hispanic culture differs from that of America despite the ever-growing integration of both populations. Increasing Cultural Sensitivity in Existing Treatment Approaches For Latinos, interpersonal warmth is very important, and when a therapist is experienced as "cold" or Hispanics have different degrees of illness or health risks than whites. Treatment referral and information, 24/7, Visit the SAMHSA Facebook page Garlic and onion are used extensively, as is aloe vera. A wide array of herbs offered at La Botanica Orquida in northeast Georgia. Because of less access to health care, Latinos with diabetes are often diagnosed later and have a greater risk of complications.15,16 Despite these unfavorable health and socioeconomic statistics, overall mortality is lower than would be expectedan anomaly termed the Hispanic paradox.17 Latinos live an average of 2.5 years longer than non-Latino whites (to 80 years, seven months of age) and 7.7 years longer than non-Latino blacks.1 It is not known what protective factors exist, but immigrant hardiness, social integration, and diet may have a role.1 Raising awareness about the consequences of obesity is necessary in Latino communities, especially because being somewhat overweight (gordito) can be considered healthy. 8Holly Mead et. For instance, Latino mothers may determine when medical care is warranted for a family member, though a male head of household may formally make the decision to send the family member to a medical center.16. While Hispanic refers to language and those whose ancestry comes from a country where Spanish is spoken, Latino refers to geography. Linden tea and lemon grass tea for nerves (anxiety). As with any patient, Latinos should be treated as individuals first, while exploring possible cultural distinctions. Spanish language handouts are a better option. . The ethnic terms Latino or Hispanic refer to a diverse population of Latin American descent that includes many nationalities and races. In an NIMHD-funded study, Hirsh and a graduate student, Nicole Hollingshead, are testing whether a computer-simulated intervention can change doctors' attitudes and lead to better treatment for African Americans. Chagas Disease Is a Consideration in Latino Patients, http://www.stanford.edu/group/ethnoger/hispaniclatino.html, http://www.rice.edu/projects/HispanicHealth, http://www.hogarhispano.homestead.com/HispanicHealth.html, http://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/templates/browse.aspx?lvl=1&lvlID=3, http://www.ohsu.edu/xd/education/library/research-assistance/patient-education-handouts.cfm/, https://www.aamc.org/download/54328/data/tacctresourceguide.pdf.pdf, http://depts.washington.edu/pfes/CultureClues.htm. Hispanic people are the youngest population, with 33% below age 18, and 57% below age 34 (Figure 4). 15 supp. The U.S. Latino population is also quite young relative to the general U.S. population; in 2007, the median age for the former was 27.6, compared to 36.6 for the latter.2. . Vari Hall, Santa Clara University500 El Camino RealSanta Clara, CA 95053408-554-5319, Ethical Considerations for COVID-19 Vaccination, Hackworth Fellowships Project Showcase 2021, The Ethics of Going Back to School in a Pandemic, Systemic Racism, Police Brutality, and the Killing of George Floyd, COVID-19: Ethics, Health and Moving Forward, The Ethical Implications of Mass Shootings, Political Speech in the Age of Social Media, Point/Counterpoint: Democratic Legitimacy, Brett Kavanaugh and the Ethics of the Supreme Court Confirmation Process, https://depts.washington.edu/pfes/PDFs/LatinoCultureClue.pdf, Culturally Competent Care for Latino Patients. 10Mead et. needs and experience of less acculturated Latino clients who are mostly from Mexico and Central America, and represent a large segment of the Latino community in Southern California. Combination therapy generally uses multiple treatment methods at once. Cold water with lemon for high blood pressure. Some states have extremely large Latino populations; for instance, as of 2006, 36 percent of Californians (13.2 million people) identified themselves as Hispanic or Latino, as did 36 percent of Texans (8.6 million people). 17Delese Wear, "Insurgent Multiculturalism: Rethinking How and Why We Teach Culture in Medical Education," Academic Medicine 78/6 (June 2003): 549-554. High cholesterol or dyslipidemia (unhealthy blood fat levels) . Talk. This consortium study defined distinct somatic cancer gene mutation patterns by race/ethnicity and sex among patients with early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC), yielding novel biological clues into early-onset CRC disparities. Home remedies, along with "lay healers" are also an integral part of the healthcare regimen for families in this culture. The value of familismo perhaps deserves to be emphasized for the important role it plays for many Latino patients. By 1852, over 25,000 Chinese immigrants had arrived, and by 1880, over . Today, one in three farm workers are newcomers to the United States, with most of these coming from Mexico. You use teach back to ensure that Maria understands your directions, and you provide her with Spanish-language handouts about the benefits of controlling her diabetes and hypertension. Web-based resources are available to assist physicians in understanding Latino health beliefs (Table 4). Methods Hispanic . They are a starting point, not an ending point; in other words, they call practitioners to look more deeply into the particular cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic contours of their patients' backgrounds and to open themselves to alternative ways of understanding and interpreting their patients' actions and requests. Addiction is a chronic, yet treatable brain condition similar to other chronic illnesses like diabetes. Modern Mexicans turn to old ways of childbirth. hispanic methods of treatment. For instance, a doctor could perceive as evasive a patient who declines to make direct eye contact, when in fact,that patient may be demonstrating respect for the doctor's position and authority. Partner with other Coach Managers to build relationships, share learnings and provide consistency for all of our . Unfortunately, few studies disaggregate Hispanic patients by race to understand its implications on treatment and clinical outcomes such as mortality. Latino healing traditions include curanderismo in Mexico and much of Latin America, Santeria in Brazil and Cuba, and espiritismo in Puerto Rico.19 Curanderos, traditional healers, distinguish between hot and cold illnesses (Table 220 ) and occasionally between natural and unnatural (sorcery-related) diseases.19,20 Patients may seek out the care of brujos or brujas (wizards or witches) for the latter conditions. You explain why these interventions are necessary, but acknowledge her frustration and agree to revise her diet. For those who have a serious mental health disorder, around 44 percent did not receive treatment. Patients should be asked if they use alternative therapies, because it is not likely that such information will be volunteered. To sign up for updates or to access your subscriber preferences, please enter your contact information. Although this review summarizes findings for U.S. Hispanics, it is important to note that the panethnic term "Hispanics" describes a large, heterogeneous group originating from multiple Spanish-speaking nations and that evidences substantial variability in socio-cultural characteristics, beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes toward health and health High level of belly fat or metabolic syndrome. SAMHSA will be highlighting the important role each of us has in maintaining a healthy life and ensuring a productive future. The progress made in expanding health insurance coverage for Latinos is now at risk, because of the COVID-19 economic recession's disproportionate impact on Latino workers. A significant share of Hispanic adults who lack a regular health care provider are native born, have a high school diploma, speak English and have health insurance. www.behaviorfrontiers.com. hispanic methods of treatmentfeminine form of lent in french. 1Elizabeth M. Grieco and Rachel C. Cassidy, "Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin 2000," Census 2000 Brief, U.S. Census Bureau, March 2001. Hispanic Heritage Month, September 15 - October 15, is an important opportunity to raise awareness about these trends and more importantly, identify culturally and linguistically appropriate prevention and treatment strategies to reduce mental and substance use disorders in the Hispanic/Latino population. Visit SAMHSA on Twitter These terms are derived from the Spanish verb curar, which means to heal. Moreover, the family itself can play an enormously important role in supporting and empowering the patient within the medical setting. Her husband died in an industrial accident four years ago, and she is still grieving. Lower rates of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control have been observed in Hispanics/Latinos compared with non-Hispanic whites. One way of describing the distinction is that modern Western doctors are primarily trained to diagnose and treat diseases (in a purely biomedical sense), while traditional healers approach the patient as one suffering from an illness-that is, a culturally located experience of sickness.12 Among some Latino subcultures, folk illnesses such as empacho (a digestive ailment), mal de ojo (the "evil eye"), mollera caida (fallen fontanelle), susto (fright illness), and nervios (vulnerability to stressful experiences) are commonly described; and traditional healers range from curanderos (Mexican healers) and sobadores (traditional masseuses and bone setters) to yerberos (herbalists) and espiritistas (spiritual healers).13 Reliance on folk medicine certainly is not to be found in every, or even most, Latino communities; but it does exist as part of the health care landscape and is found among many patients from Mexico, as well as from various other regions within Latin America. Among Hispanics who needed but did not receive treatment in the past year, 95.8% did not feel the need for it, 2.2% felt the need for treatment but did not make an effort to get it, and 2.0% felt the need for treatment and did make an effort to get it. Older patients should be addressed as seor or seora rather than by their first names. The term "Latino" has become more commonly used in recent years to describe those whose primary ethnic heritage stems from Latin America. One exception is the Methods for the Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent . Plants are used on their own, or mixed together to form herbal remedies. The 2017 ACC/AHA hypertension guidelines lowered the blood pressure threshold for diagnosis of stage I hypertension to 130-139/80-89 mm Hg. In fact, the number of Latino physicians dramatically lags behind Latino population growth; and, according to cross-cultural health care expert Larry Purnell, Latinos are the most underrepresented major minority group in the entire U.S. health care workforce.5 This discrepancy contributes to many different linguistic and cultural hurdles for Latino patients, as well as for their health care providers. Low levels of hypertension awareness are a major problem in the Latino community. There is ample evidence that Latinos, especially those of Mexican and Central American origin, face significant obstacles to obtaining health care, especially language barriers.4 Many hospitals and offices lack trained interpreters and rely on ad hoc interpretation by bilingual staff or even the children of patients. SAMHSA's mission is to lead public health and service delivery efforts that promote mental health, prevent substance misuse, and provide treatments and supports to foster recovery while ensuring equitable access and better outcomes. Moreover, 32.7 percent (nearly one-third) of all U.S. Latinos completely lacked health insurance that year, compared with 15.3 percent in the general population; and nearly half of Latinos reported being uninsured at some point during the previous year.9 Latinos are nearly two and a half times more likely than whites to report that they have no regular doctor.10 Even among many insured Latinos, coverage and care are far from adequate. Each person is unique and simultaneously formed by a variety of cultures and subcultures, not to mention personal choices and socioeconomic circumstances. Because people stand closer to each other in most Latino cultures, physical proximity is also perceived as being more personable. Nevertheless, Hispanic Americans are very heterogeneous in the circumstances of their migration and in other characteristics. Interferon gammarelease assays are preferred to tuberculin skin testing in immigrants with a history of BCG vaccination. She has lost 10 lb (4.5 kg), and for the first time has acceptable blood pressure and fasting glucose levels. Your efforts pay off at the next visit, when Maria expresses much more interest in controlling her diabetes and shows personal warmth that was missing from earlier encounters. 58, Journal of . A little more than 45 percent of all births in Mexico are Cesarean sections, which makes it one of the world's leaders in the practice. Spanish language handouts are available from several Internet sources.33 Recruiting Latino physicians and staff, and recognizing Latino holidays at the office (e.g., Cinco de Mayo), will open many doors to the Latino community.34 Office staff, as well as physicians, should be instructed in basic cultural sensitivity (Table 5).34,35 Hospitals can include culturally appropriate foods in their menus. These broad generalizations are just that: broad generalizations. 3 Essentially, a curandero or curandera removes mental, emotional, physical and spiritual illnesses or imbalances. An intention-to-treat approach using a last-observation-carried-forward method was used to analyze outcome data whereby the last available measurement for all participants was then used for all time points through the 12-month final follow-up. Cysticercosis is caused by consumption of contaminated with pork tapeworm. Courtney Parker, CC BY. Developing cultural sensitivity to Latino patients entails recognizing and appreciating their diversity. The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 granted amnesty to immigrants who came to the U.S. before 1982; but the northward trend from Mexico and other parts of Latin America has continued since then, and many who have crossed the U.S.-Mexican border now live in the United States illegally. The American Psychological Association (APA) found that only one percent of psychologists identified themselves as Hispanic even though Hispanics represent 20 percent of the U.S. population as a whole. In terms of health, on some measures Latinos are better off than other ethnic groups. Obesity and genetic factors increase risk. In today's United States, these terms are often thought . 1-877-SAMHSA-7 (1-877-726-4727), SAMHSA.gov, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Buprenorphine Physician & Treatment Program Locator, Early Serious Mental Illness Treatment Locator, View All Helplines and Treatment Locators, Implementing Behavioral Health Crisis Care, Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Prevention, Technology Transfer Centers (TTC) Program, State Targeted Response Technical Assistance (STR-TA), Clinical Support System for Serious Mental Illness (CSS-SMI), Suicide Prevention Resource Center (SPRC), African American Behavioral Health Center of Excellence, Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Behavioral Health Center of Excellence (AANHPI-CoE), Center of Excellence for Building Capacity in Nursing Facilities to Care for Residents with Behavioral Health Conditions, Center of Excellence for Protected Health Information (CoE-PHI), Center 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a Big Impression, How To Tell If Your Child Is Drinking Alcohol, COVID-19 Information for SAMHSA Discretionary Grant Recipients, Training and Technical Assistance Related to COVID-19, Listening Session Comments on Substance Abuse Treatment Confidentiality Regulations, Advisory Committee for Womens Services (ACWS), Tribal Technical Advisory Committee (TTAC), Interdepartmental Serious Mental Illness Coordinating Committee (ISMICC), Interdepartmental Substance Use Disorders Coordinating Committee (ISUDCC), Interdepartmental Substance Use Disorders Coordinating Committee Biographical Information, Interdepartmental Substance Use Disorders Coordinating Committee Roster, Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders, Quality Practice and Workforce Development, The Behavioral Health Barometer: United States, Volume 6, National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Hispanics, Latino or Spanish Origin or Descent Individuals, Double Jeopardy: COVID-19 and Behavioral Health Disparities for Black and Latino Communities in the U.S. (PDF | 426 KB), The Opioid Crisis and the Hispanic/Latino Population: An Urgent Issue, El alcohol y la depresin: El camino de Jorge hacia una vida mejor, Prevencin de la Sobredosis de Opioides Manual de Instruccin, Publicaciones de SAMHSA disponibles en espaol, quality practice and workforce development, Alcohol and the Hispanic Community from the National Institutes of Health National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Chartbook for Hispanic Health Care (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality), Hispanic-Latino Mental Health (American Psychiatric Association), Latino Mental Health Facts (National Alliance on Mental Illness), Mental Health: A Guide for Latinos and Their Families (American Psychiatric Association) (22 minutes, 13 seconds), National Latino Behavioral Health Association (NLBHA), Behavioral Health Treatment Services Locator, Addiction Technology Transfer Center (ATTC), Mental Health Technology Transfer Center (MHTTC), Prevention Technology Transfer Center (PTTC), U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The teach back technique should be incorporated into the cross-cultural patient encounter to ensure patient understanding of discharge instructions. Many Latino immigrants experience tremendous stress once they are in the United States. Identifying behavioral health problems is very important to the plan. Barriers to care have resulted in striking disparities in quality of health care for these patients. A large selection of herbal teas are available from botanicas or yerberas in most Latino neighborhoods.

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